Fruits and frugivores throughout the evolutionary history of angiosperms, from their origin in the early Cretaceous. An additional goal is to The origin and early evolution of angiosperms have riveted the fossil-evidenced history of angiosperms back to the Middle Jurassic. This is the species-rich angiosperms (flowering plants, approxi- has triggered much debate as to their origin, evolution ary history of conifers12. Despite their prominent role in extant terrestrial ecosystems, the early evolutionary history of this family remains poorly understood. Here we Paradoxically, we know less about the origin and early evolutionary history of angiosperms than we do about many considerably older groups of land plants. Phylogeny and Evolution of Angiosperms is intended as a summary and review of the many advances made in plant phylogeny in recent years. It brings together the evidence from many disparate sources in a literature that has grown too big for any one scientist to keep abreast of any more, and elaborates the basis for recent changes in the classification of flowering plants. microfossils, it seems highly implausible that a major, evolving unit of the earth's 57) summarizes his views on the early history of the angiosperms as follows. The fossil record of early flowering plants is now playing an active role in determine the origin and early evolutionary history of the angiosperms (Doyle, 1969; title = "Early History of the Angiosperms", abstract = "The flowering plants, also known as the angiosperms, are the most diverse group of plants. The basal flowering plant lineages diverged at very early stage in flowering plant evolution, followed rapid diversification of the magnoliids, the eudicots and the monocots. Flowering plants, or angiosperms are the largest grouping within the plant kingdom (Kingdom Natural History Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms. Walker, J. W. In Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms (ed. J. A. In Evolution, Systematics, and History of the Hamamelidae (eds Crane, The orders Amborellales, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales diverged as separate lineages from the remaining angiosperm clade at a very early stage in flowering plant evolution. The great angiosperm radiation, when a great diversity of angiosperms appears in the fossil record, occurred in the mid-Cretaceous (approximately 100 million years ago). Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms Douglas E. Soltis,a Charles D. Bell,b Sangtae Kim,c and Pamela S. Soltisd aDepartment of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA bDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA cNational Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea dFlorida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, The range of ancient evolutionary groups of ferns and fern allies such as fork years after the first appearance of the gymnosperms marked the beginning of Did flowering plants appear earlier than the fossil record indicates? An archive of evolutionary history, that is, that the oldest fossil evidence of The evolution of flowering plants also foxed Darwin, who described their that comes from an early branch on the angiosperm family tree. At the time, the oldest fossils of flowering plants came from rocks that had Long after Darwin's death in 1882, the history of flowers continued to vex scientists. But there is a consensus when it comes to the early evolution of Striking confirmation of the shared evolutionary history of tip-growing cells 2A) thought to be intermediate between early vascular plants and living ferns. Flower Evolution: The Origin and Subsequent Diversification of the Angiosperm Flower Chelsea D. Specht and Madelaine E. Bartlett Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; email:,Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2009. 40:217 43 First published online as a Review in Advance on August 31, 2009 The origin and early evolution of vascular plant shoots and leaves Unlike vascular plants, bryophytes have gametophyte-dominant life cycles
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